Heat transfer models live or die by boundary conditions

The heat equation is not enough by itself.

A thermal model becomes useful when its boundary conditions are credible: external temperature, solar input, convection coefficients, material layers, humidity, insulation, internal heat sources, and time-varying loads.

Bad boundary conditions can make a mathematically correct heat model practically wrong.

Related:

• Heat Transfer (+ Go Solar PoC)
• Thermodynamics
• Energy Solutions in the AI era